What are common vulnerabilities in MCP systems?

Model Context Protocol (MCP) systems face several common vulnerabilities related to mCP security, especially around handling, transmission, and validation of contextual metadata. A key risk is context data tampering, where attackers intercept or alter data, causing incorrect model behavior or exploitation. Weak authentication and authorization controls expose context data to unauthorized access, increasing chances of data poisoning or leakage. Insufficient input validation can lead to injection attacks or processing malformed data, causing crashes or unpredictable AI outcomes. Insecure communication channels without encryption also make MCP systems vulnerable to eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks. Poor auditability and monitoring delay breach detection, prolonging risks. Additionally, versioning or compatibility issues in MCP implementations can create semantic mismatches, resulting in security gaps. To address these, organizations often rely on a trusted MCP security solution provided by an experienced MCP security vendor like Akto.io, offering encryption, runtime protection, and continuous monitoring.